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When some people still have doubts about whether the disposable plastic tableware can really achieve environmental performance, the Italians confirmed with action that the sustainable supply of raw materials has given more and more attention to some common renewable resources. Such as: cereals, fabrics, wood, sugar cane, sugar beets, etc. The conversion of these raw materials into polymers is an ideal solution to resource regeneration.
It is true that the production of polymer materials from natural materials is not a new technology. As early as the beginning of the 20th century, people used cellophane to produce cellophane film, which was cellophane. However, the raw materials used to make such celluloids cannot be artificially synthesized, at least the latest. The German DIN standard and the American ASTM standard do not list it as a synthetic material. In the current market, especially in the packaging products market, there is a strong sense of environmental protection. Therefore, whether or not the raw materials are synthetically synthesized is a key requirement. It is generally believed that non-synthetic materials are more in line with environmental standards.
The thin film division of UCB Surface Special Processing Company was sold to a private consortium in July 2005. The department claimed that their NatureFlex brand product line is a fully biodegradable cellulose film, which is under natural conditions. With a high degree of transparency, but no moisture or heat sealing properties, the film can overcome these disadvantages after coating and painting, but the biodegradability of the film will be affected. Andy Sweetman, marketing manager for special packaging materials at UCB, said that the Nature Flex family uses a fully synthetic polymer coating, which is our company's only biodegradable material, and the dominant plastic film packaging In the material market, cellulose materials have rapidly given way to traditional polymer materials, especially oriented PP materials. Sweetman believes that now is the best time to introduce a degradable film. He estimates that the annual demand for cellulosic film in the global market is slightly over 100,000 tons. Correspondingly, the demand for BOPP in the packaging market is more than 3 million tons. However, since the company introduced the Biodegradable Nature Flex product, we can be involved in new applications and replace traditional polymer materials. At present, the largest single product is used in the manufacture of transparent plastics to replace cellophane. Next, it must replace various transparent films that currently dominate the market, such as co-extruded PP, coated PP, and polyester PP.
Nature Flex Films has a product offering of uncoated and 3 different coating layers. The coated film products are moisture- and air-tight and have good heat sealing properties.
One of the important end-user markets for polymers derived from nature is organic fruit packaging and vegetable packaging, but Sweet-man said that even in this application area, they are not only concerned about the profitability of the product.
“Ordinarily, the organic packaging material market is a very loose market. Pure natural products use pure natural packaging materials. We are not only successful in the fields where we have market and technological advantages, because end-users are very demanding on the products. They are also very concerned about even a slight lack of product performance," Sweetman said. Sweetman said: "We must maintain a balance between market development and technology development, but current cost is the only factor to consider. All the cost of manufacturing plastics from renewable resources is higher than the cost of using conventional polymer plastics. When used When food is packaged, bioplastics do not seal well against moisture. Use of such packaging materials in certain applications may adversely affect the preservation of the packaged product.â€
Enhancing the moisture resistance and sealability of bioplastics is a technical problem, but Sweetman believes that this major technical problem - if moisture can affect the invasion of microorganisms, the material can not be degraded. Packaging materials that are costly for major users and are not particularly attractive to the technology will face severe challenges. However, as long as companies engaged in the manufacture of biodegradable materials cooperate with each other rather than compete with each other, this challenge will become less severe.
We are beginning to understand the fact that if anyone of us makes progress, we will change the entire packaging industry.
He believes that customers can decide for themselves that starch-based materials are suitable for dishes, and that cellulosic materials that are moisture-resistant and highly translucent are more suitable for packaging materials.
Although companies such as Cargill Dow and Novamont have invested a lot of energy in the research of cellulosic material processing and molding, the technological progress of cellulosic materials in the application of extrusion molding, injection molding or thermoforming is not very large.
In terms of capacity scale and market performance, Cargill Dow has been regarded as the leader in new biodegradable materials. The company's plant in Nebraska, USA has polylactic acid (PLA) polymer with an annual production capacity of up to 14 tons, the company’s CEO said. If the process is further optimized, the production capacity can be even higher.
The manufacturing process of the PLA polymer no longer requires complex biochemical techniques. The cereal raw material is crushed to separate the starch, the starch is refined into glucose, then converted into lactic acid, the lactic acid is condensed into a dilute lactic acid intermediate monomer, and finally, formed through a solvent-free The process is made into a polymer.
The trick to Dow is that they can complete all the manufacturing processes at a cost that the market can afford. “The single factory can produce 140,000 tons, which is unique. Obviously, we are increasing production. Any new company will have such a The development process. We hope to see our products being accepted by users faster in the market, so that we can prove that our products are competitive with non-degradable materials." Bader believes that Nature Work is compared with PS materials. As long as the production is large enough, the final price is competitive. In addition to Cooplptlia, Cargill Dow already has many customers, including Italian Lper Supermarket, British luggage maker Europackging, Belgian Bio-Plant supermarket, etc., but he admits, It also needs to enter the large-scale enterprises in the industry.
Bader said that they can really pay attention to the environmental protection of the products and belong to those few companies that have a heartfelt concern for the sustainability of resources. Many companies often talk about environmental protection, but they rarely do it.
If technical breakthroughs are made, it is most likely to be in the packaging market, especially in food packaging. Bader said: "Eighty percent of our business is concentrated in the packaging industry. This is because PET is easier to replace and the market with demand is most likely to develop." Besides being biodegradable, there are other reasons, " With oil prices included, we have recently seen the highest price for oil. We have predicted that we will be in a panic in the next 20, 50 or 100 years. This is not a problem that will arise. This is a question that will only arise." . The current price of oil and derivatives derived from oil is far from the level of the past 10 years. Bader believes that the price of cereals can basically remain stable. Some recent orders from Cargill Dow Company come from such subtle changes in the minds of customers. The predictability of customers for the future cannot be underestimated. According to Cargill Dow's survey, Italy is the largest market for biodegradable materials in Europe. This is mainly due to the significant progress made by Novoamont Co. on Mater-Bi's improved starch-based degradable materials.
The company's starch-based products have an annual production capacity of more than 20,000 tons. In the summer of 2005, they purchased Eastman's biological business unit to add new business volume to the biodegradable polymer sector. The Department of Biology and some technical patents are a major strategic move. This will surely be the main direction of development for No-vamont's further increase in business volume.
The acquisition will expand the company's patented product range and accelerate the internal use of recyclable resources to produce polyester products. Bastioli believes that this will also bring considerable opportunities for the company to develop bio-based starch/polyester series polymer materials. Dupont is optimistic about the development prospects of bio-based polymers and formed a joint venture with Tate & Lyle to manufacture propylene glycol.
Dupont Tate & Lyle Biological Products will use propylene as a raw material to produce propylene glycol through its own fermentation and purification process in a plant built in Tennessee, USA. The new plant is scheduled to be put into production in 2006. The same year, the company will start production in North Carolina. The first factory used grain to manufacture Sorona polymer.
As the environmental awareness of the public continues to increase, the application of plants as a source material for the production of plastic resins is now heating up. Not long ago, Goop, Italy announced that it has used the NatureWork brand of plant-based polymer materials produced by Gargill-Dow Corporation to process a series of one-time Plastic cutlery. This shows that people have made greater progress and achievements in the use of plants as raw materials for the production of plastic resins.