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[ Instrument Research and Development ] On August 20, the International Journal of Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology, published an online article entitled Formation of cadmium sulfide nanoparticles mediates cadmium resistance and light utilization of the deep-sea bacterium Idiomarina sp. OT37-5b, which reported The new discovery by Sun Chaomin, a researcher at the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, on the use of light energy by deep-sea hydrothermal bacteria based on cadmium sulfide nanoparticles provides a new theoretical basis and material basis for explaining whether deep-sea microbes can use light energy and developing new optical nanomaterials.
The deep-sea hydrothermal vent is a very special extreme habitat with high temperature and high heavy metal content. It also breeds a wealth of biological groups. It is an ideal place to study the adaptation mechanism of deep-sea organisms to extreme environments and even the origin of life. The deep-sea hydrothermal vent continuously emits heat and produces faint light in an active state. It is thought that it may be the origin of photosynthetic organisms and may also breed other special light energy-utilizing organisms, but it has not been confirmed.
The research team isolated a bacterium Idiomarina sp. OT37-5b in deep-sea hydrothermal fluid samples. In the previous study, it was found that the bacterium can tolerate and remove higher concentrations of cadmium ions, with the addition of cysteine , The tolerance and removal ability has been greatly improved, and a large number of cadmium sulfide nanoparticles have been formed. With the help of molecular microbes, proteomics and other methods, researchers have determined the enzyme molecules that mediate the formation of cadmium sulfide nanoparticles by microorganisms, which provides good functional enzymes for the efficient production of cadmium sulfide optical nanomaterials in the later stage. Researchers accidentally discovered that the bacteria can use light energy to synthesize energy with the help of the formed cadmium sulfide nanoparticles to better adapt to the poor ecological environment of the deep sea. With the help of proteomics, the researchers found that the bacteria can drive cadmium sulfide nanoparticles to absorb photoelectrons and enter the oxidative phosphorylation process, thereby generating energy. The study found that hydrothermal vent microorganisms can skillfully use the photoelectron absorption characteristics of nano-optical materials while adapting to heavy metal stress, turning unfavorable factors into favorable factors, and evolving a special light energy utilization mechanism to adapt to the extreme deep-sea environment. Exploring the potential ways of deep-sea light energy utilization and even the existence of special photosynthesis provides good research materials and new perspectives.
Ma Ning, a doctoral student from the Institute of Oceanography, is the first author of the paper, and Sun Chaomin is the corresponding author of the paper. The research was jointly funded by the Chinese Academy of Sciences' Strategic Leading Science and Technology Project and the Oceanic Association's "Deep Sea Biological Resources Plan".