The Ministry of Communications, jointly with 9 ministries and commissions, issued the "Guidance Opinions on Promoting the Transformation and Upgrading of the Automobile Maintenance Industry and Improving the Service Quality," positioning the automobile maintenance industry as the people's livelihood service industry, and forcing the public disclosure of vehicle maintenance technical information. At the same time, the original manufacturer of parts and components is encouraged to sell to the automobile. The market provides original accessories and independent aftermarket accessories with independent trademarks, allowing 4S stores to resell genuine parts to unauthorized maintenance companies or end users. The introduction of the "Guiding Opinions" is expected to improve the status of auto aftermarket accessories such as genuine and fake parts, poor maintenance services, lack of industry standards, and lack of supervision. Subsequently, the "Guidance Opinions," the specific promotion and implementation steps, how to ensure the implementation of policies and other issues become the focus of discussion in the industry.
Sheet Metal Fabrication
Definition of sheet metal fabrication
Sheet Metal fabrication is the creation of useful metallic parts and structures by the application of multiple fabrication processes. Sheet metal fabrication is basically a broad term that involves various complex processes like cutting, forming, bending, welding, machining, and assembling. The instructions include below: materials, processes, and tools required for sheet metal fabrication.
Types of Sheet Metal Fabrication Materials
The choice of metal depends on the final use of the fabricated parts.
Common fabrication processes:
· Carbon Steel
· Stainless Steel
· Aluminum
· Bronze
· Copper
· Brass
· Aluminized steel
· Galvanized steel
Types of Metal Fabrication Processes
The journey to the final product from raw sheet metals proceeds through various sheet metal fabrication processes. All the sheet metal fabrication processes can be grouped into the following three categories:
· Cutting
· Deformation
· Assembly
Sheet metal fabrication: Cutting
ii. Water jet cutting
iii. Plasma cutting
Sheet metal fabrication: Forming or Deformation
Bending: Sheet metal bending is one of the most popular deformation processes. A machine known as a Press brake is used to bend sheet metals into V, U, or other complex shapes. With an increase in gauge thicknesses of sheet metals the force required to bend increases.
Stamping: In the stamping process, a hydraulic or mechanical stamping press equipped with a tool and die is used to perform specific tasks like curling, drawing, embossing, flanging, etc
Hemming: Hemming is a process by which the edges of sheet metal are folded over itself or another piece of sheet metal to create a rounded edge. In the sheet metal fabrication process, two types of hemming processes are widely involved. They are roll hemming and conventional die hemming. Conventional hemming is used for mass production. A hemming roller is used for roll hemming.
Spinning: Spinning is a metal fabrication process where a lathe machine is used to rotate the sheet metal against a tool to produce conical or cylindrical shapes.
Sheet metal fabrication: Assembly
Assembly is basically joining Sheet Metal Components produced using above mentioned cutting or bending processes. The common sheet metal assembly process consists of joining by Welding and joining using fasteners.
Welding: In the welding process, sheet metal components are joined together by melting sections with the application of heat to form a solid connection. There are various processes available that are used to weld sheet metals.
Joining using Fasteners: Similar or dissimilar sheet metal parts can easily be joined using fasteners like bolts, screws, rivets, etc.
Brazing: Brazing is a process similar to welding that operates by melting a filler without melting the sheet metals.
Adhesives: Adhesives can be used to hold metal sheets together in conjunction with other joining methods
Advantages and Disadvantages of Sheet Metal Fabrication
As sheet metal fabrication covers a wide area of techniques and methods, the advantages and limitations will vary depending on the process used during fabrication.
Benefits:
i. Sheet metal fabrication is fast and can produce high-quality components.
i. A large number of processes are available with wide range of materials
ii. High strength to weight ratio for sheet metal fabricated parts.
Disadvantage:
i. Each fabrication process has their own limitations.
ii. High initial cost for set up of equipment and tools.
iii. Requirement of skilled labors for each process.
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At the "Changes, Strategies, and Developments" conference to build a new pattern of China's auto maintenance industry (Beijing), Wei Tongwei, secretary general of the China Automobile Maintenance Parts & Accessories Industry Committee, said that in order to complete the transformation and upgrading of the auto parts maintenance industry, it is necessary to first construct a modern service market for the maintenance industry. System; Secondly, establish a unified code system for repair parts; thirdly, strengthen quality standards and implement inspection and certification; and fourthly, create reliable car brands and promote industry certification marks. At the same time, it actively cooperates with various competent authorities to crack down on security.
In the automotive maintenance industry, counterfeit and shoddy products have been plagued by both inside and outside the industry. Xie Ying, secretary-general of the China Association of Automatic Identification Technology, believes that the establishment of a global unified coding system is expected to improve the chaos of fake and shoddy products. Establishing unique identification for accessories can distinguish between true and false, which is conducive to effective management by the government and industry. In addition, the establishment of a non-unified code is also conducive to the brand's development of parts, maintenance service quality evaluation and maintenance quality responsibility definition, consumer satisfaction survey and complaint acceptance, insurance claims, financial services, government supervision, etc. Platform services provide standardized data bases. Xie Ying said that at present, the local standards for "universal coding and labeling of auto parts and components" are being gradually introduced, and national standards are expected to be completed in November this year for approval and approval of the standard, which is expected to be promulgated as soon as possible.
In addition to promoting a globally harmonized code, the China Association of Automobile Repair Industry will strengthen quality standards and promote product testing. According to Qian Heng, Shandong Research Institute of the National Standards Institute, as the consumer chooses the Yuesao can be measured by a series of standards, the automobile maintenance industry as the people's livelihood service industry must also establish product standards and service standards to improve service quality.
According to Lu Jian, deputy director of the Auto Repair Parts Working Committee of the China Automobile Maintenance Industry Association, the establishment of third-party testing and certification can verify whether the performance of the vice factory parts is equivalent to that of the original parts, thereby encouraging more manufacturers to produce products that meet market requirements; The concept of “performance equivalent†was established to broaden the channels of accessories, effectively reduce the cost of vehicle maintenance, and provide consumers with more economical options.
In addition, to regulate the automobile aftermarket, the industry association will also establish a car brand that can be assured in the automotive aftermarket based on testing, and promote the industry certification mark. And actively cooperate with the competent authorities to counterfeit and protect. 