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Professor Fang Dingye of East China University of Science and Technology believes that large-scale coal chemical installations often support dozens or even hundreds of power consumption facilities, and the cost of electricity can account for 10% to 40% of the total cost. Using IGCC technology, coal is converted into syngas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen after purification treatment such as gasification, desulfurization, and dust removal. After the carbon monoxide is removed, these syngas are processed into gas turbines to generate electricity. The net efficiency of power generation can be as high as 43% to 45. %, 6 to 8 percentage points higher than conventional pulverized coal-fired power plants of the same scale, saving 1/2 to 2/3 of water, and reducing pollutant emissions by 90%. According to the data from the operation of the 450,000-ton/year methanol demonstration project of the 60MW coal-fired combined cycle power generation system of Shandong Yankuang Group Guotai Chemical Co., Ltd., compared with the conventional steam turbine power plant of the same scale, the coal consumption of the power supply standard is reduced by 25.06%. Sulfur dioxide emissions decreased by 83.82%, nitrogen oxide emissions decreased by 45.08%, carbon dioxide emissions decreased by 13.73%, and methanol comprehensive energy consumption decreased by more than 10%.
“However, the low IGCC technical operational flexibility and poor variable loadability have limited its application in the power industry. Only when it is co-produced with chemical plants and the coupling between power generation and chemical industry can the chemical plant be used to flexibly adjust the load on the power generation system. This will give full play to the maximum efficiency of the system and at the same time solve the problems of high energy consumption and high emission of coal-fired power generation and coal-fired power generation,†said Fang Dingye.
Li Dapeng, assistant general manager of Shaanxi Yanchang Petroleum Group and chairman of Beijing Petrochemical Engineering Co., Ltd., said that the comprehensive utilization of coal, gas, oil, and salt can be achieved in places where conditions permit, and coal can be minimized through the docking and coupling of different raw material routes. Carbon dioxide emissions from chemical plants increase energy efficiency. In order to extend the United Nations’ Clean Coal Gasification Technology Demonstration Project under construction by the Oil Group, Yulin Nenghua’s comprehensive utilization of coal, gas, and oil in the first phase will lead to 2×1.5 million tons/year methanol and 1.5 million tons/year residue catalytic cracking. The DMTO, PP, and PE projects are matched as examples. Through the ingenious docking and coupling of coal chemical industry, natural gas chemical industry, and petrochemical industry, coal-to-methanol synthesis gas is effectively compensated for "carbon less hydrogen" and natural gas and petroleum routes to methanol production. The deficiency of hydrogen and less carbon has greatly improved the methanol synthesis conversion and resource utilization. Without increasing the consumption of raw materials, methanol production can increase by 300,000 to 540 thousand tons a year. Compared with the DMTO project of the same scale, it can reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 8.7 million tons, reduce wastewater discharge by 2.96 million tons, reduce sulfur dioxide emissions by 1,510 tons, save 20 million tons of water, and save 2.06 million tons of standard coal.
"The use of coal for classification can also achieve the green development of coal chemical industry." Hua Wei, chairman of Shaanxi Coal Chemical Industry Group, told reporters. He said that in addition to coal containing about 70% of high-calorific value carbon materials, the other 25% to 30% of the components are hydrocarbons and other chemical elements, if these components are separated by medium-temperature retort technology for light production Fuel oil, “triphenyl†and aromatics products, or coupled with salt chemical to produce chemical products with higher added value such as MDI, and high-calorific carbons with chemical components removed for combustion power generation or smelting can be done To the coal's "best use" to minimize energy consumption and pollutant emissions. At present, Shaanxi Coal Coal Chemical Group Shenmu Tianyuan Chemical Co., Ltd. has a 500,000 t/y medium-temperature coal tar lightening unit that has been in operation for three consecutive months. The relevant data shows that: Compared with coal of the same size, directly or indirectly, coal The investment in grading and utilization is only 1/5 of the former, energy consumption and water consumption are only 1/4 of the former, and zero discharge of wastewater and CO2 can basically be realized.
Wang Hongjin, deputy chief engineer of Hualu Engineering Technology Co., Ltd., suggested that different types of coal gasification technologies have different coal suitability, crude syngas components, investment amount, energy consumption, and environmental impact. In the construction of large-scale coal chemical projects, the traditional thinking mode of adopting a single coal gasification technology should be overcome, scientifically select different coal gasification technologies, be coupled in parallel, and scientifically design follow-up products so that the advantages of different coal gasification technologies can be fully utilized. Through polygeneration, we can make the “waste†of the previous process to be the raw material of the subsequent process, achieve the closed loop of the “three wastes†and the high-efficiency, low-carbon operation of the entire plant. If the Ender furnace is used in combination with the coal-water slurry gasification technology, blending the waste residue discharged from the Ender furnace into the raw coal to produce the coal slurry can not only take advantage of the high utilization rate of the Ender coal, but also enable the use of water slurry gas. The advantages of high-temperature slagging technology in the chemical technology make the waste residue free of harmful ingredients such as naphthalene, which is energy-saving and environmentally friendly.
Experts said that compared to technologies such as carbon capture, storage, and utilization, coal chemical development models with parallel technology routes can reduce carbon dioxide generation, emissions and waste of energy and resources from the source. This new integration The concept and design model will change “end-control†to “source control†to more effectively control and reduce carbon dioxide emissions, and promote the efficient and low-carbon development of the coal chemical industry. It should be the direction of research and research in the industry in the future.
At present, the most restrictive factor in accelerating the development of the coal chemical industry is the conflict between the increasingly stringent environmental protection standards and the industry's high carbon emissions. The best way to resolve this contradiction is to use more combinations of IGCC (coal gasification combined cycle power generation technology), comprehensive utilization of gas oil and salt, graded utilization of coal, and various The coal gasification technology is coupled in parallel and other methods to develop green coal chemical industry. This is the concept of many experts on the development of green coal chemical industry.