Practice of Panzhihua Vanadium-Titanium Magnetite Ore Dressing 1 Overview Panzhihua Panzhihua Iron and Steel Mining Co., Ltd. beneficiation plant belonging to the (Group) Company, is located in Panzhihua City, Sichuan Province, south of Chengdu, 751km, south from Kunming 361km, east by the Chengdu-Kunming railway station Panzhihua, Chengdu-Kunming railway branch line Bhagwan River crossing south of the plant Easy transportation. Concentrator located in the Jinsha River north shore, the Department of the use of hillside construction, the terrain from north to south, covers an area of 5.1km2. The mining company's ore is supplied by two open-pit iron mines, Lanjian Iron Mine and Zhujiabao. The stripping method of the Lanjian Iron Mine is to reduce the horizontal stripping method. The Zhujiabao Iron Mine adopts the method of longitudinally advancing and stripping from the lower plate to the upper plate in the ore body. In 1966, the ore dressing production process (phase I project) for iron concentrate production began. In 1970, the first production system was commissioned and put into operation. In 1978, all 16 systems were put into operation. The original design process is a three-stage open-circuit crushing process – a closed-circuit grinding process – a three-dimensional magnetic separation process. In 2005, the original process was changed to three sections of closed-circuit crushing—a dry tailing—two sections of closed-circuit grinding—stage grinding—stage sorting (one rough and two fine sweeps four times). In 1979, the recovery of titanium ore and iron sulfides from the selected magnetic separation flotation tailings re-election a selected a pre-production electric system (Phase II) put into operation. In 1997, the pilot production system for the recovery of fine-grained ilmenite was completed and put into production. From 2001 to 2004, 16 systems of iron ore tailings recovery micro-fine ilmenite production system were completed and put into operation. 2 ore properties The Panzhihua deposit is a vanadium- titanium magnetite deposit. Panzhihua vanadium-titanium magnetite is produced at the bottom of the Panzhihua gabbro. The Panzhihua vanadium-titanium magnetite deposit is a magma-differentiated iron deposit. Metal ore minerals and mineral composition of gangue minerals two types of titanium metallic minerals are magnetite, ilmenite and a small amount of sulfide gangue minerals are titanium augite, plagioclase and a small amount of phosphate, Carbonate minerals. The chemical composition of the ore is shown in Table 1. Table 1 Analysis results of ore chemical composition The mineral composition of the ore is shown in Table 2. Table 2 Mineral composition of ore 3 The production process and process of iron selection in the Midi Concentrator The concentrator began construction in 1966. In 1970, the first production system was commissioned and put into operation. In 1978, all 16 systems were put into operation. The original design process is a three-stage open circuit crushing, a closed circuit grinding, and three magnetic separation processes. The design scale of the ore dressing plant is compatible with the mine. The designed ore grade is 31.3%, the annual processing of ore is 13.5 million tons, and the annual output of vanadium-titanium-iron concentrate is 5.883 million tons. Through years of technological transformation, the current process is three-stage closed-circuit crushing, one-stage dry tailing, two-stage closed-circuit grinding, phase grinding stage selection, and one coarse and two fine sweeping four sorting processes. Since 2003, the ore dressing plant has carried out three major project transformations: The first is the transformation of broken and closed roads implemented in 2003. The closed-circuit reconstruction will transform the original three-stage open-circuit crushing into three sections and one closed-circuit crushing, and newly add large-scale screening equipment and belt transfer system. In July 2003, all the two series were completely transformed and put into production. After the production, the crushing granularity was reduced by 20mm. Up to 15mm, “multi-breaking and less grinding†has created better grinding conditions for grinding operations, and laid the foundation for further improving the grade and output of the concentrator. The second is the phase grinding process reform implemented in 2005. The original one-stage grinding two-choice process was changed into two-stage grinding, the stage grinding stage was selected, and one coarse and two fine-sweeping four-time selection process. After the transformation, the ore dressing plant has been greatly improved in iron ore grinding and process technology equipment, with an annual production capacity of 5 million tons of iron concentrate and 54% of iron concentrate grade. The third is the retrograde magnetic pulley tail-to-tail transformation in 2009, adding 12 dry magnetic separators to dry-type the broken products. The implementation of the project can throw about 10% of the waste rock in the ore. It reduces the amount of waste rock entering the mill and improves the grinding characteristics of the ore. A. crushing and screening The crushing was originally broken in three stages, and the crushing size was -20mm. In 2003, it was transformed into a closed and closed road. Now it is a three-stage closed-circuit crushing process. The annual crushing capacity is 13.5 million tons. After the transformation, the crushing particle size is reduced from 20mm to 15mm. The ore produced by Lanjian and Zhu Mine was transported by rail to the concentrating plant for coarse crushing operation. It was crushed to -70mm by two PX-1200/180 rotary crushers and four PYB-2200 spring standard cone crushers. After the machine is thrown out, after the screening operation, two H8800 Sandvik crushers and eight PYD-2200 short-head cone crushers are broken into -15mm to reach about 93%. The crushing system process is shown in Figure 1. Figure 1 Process diagram of the crushing system B. Grinding classification The original design was a closed-circuit grinding. In order to adapt to the changes in ore properties and improve the quality of iron concentrates, it was changed to two-stage grinding in 2005. One section adopts φ3600mm x4000mm lattice ball mill and four φ610mm cyclones (2 for 2) to form a closed-circuit grinding. The second section adopts φ2700mm x3600mm overflow ball mill and 6 φ350mm cyclones (3 for 3), 4 The high-frequency fine screen consists of two sections of closed-circuit grinding. The grinding mill has a particle size of -15mm, a stage cyclone has a classification efficiency of about 45%, a grinding fineness of -0.0.074m accounts for about 40%; the second stage has a grinding grain size of -3mm, and the secondary cyclone has a classification efficiency of About 30%, high-frequency fine screening classification efficiency of 36% ~ 50%, grinding fineness -0.074mm accounted for 60% ~ 70%. The main problem in the grinding classification operation is that the two-stage combination has low classification efficiency and large amount of sand return, resulting in low grinding efficiency. In order to solve this problem, the φ500mm cyclone was replaced by the φ350mm cyclone and the high-frequency fine mesh screen was changed from 0.15mm to 0.18mm, but the effect was not satisfactory. C. Iron selection process The original design of magnetic separation operation adopts a coarse, one fine, one sweep three magnetic separation process. The rough selection and selection adopts CYT-618 double cylinder semi-reverse magnetic permanent magnet separator. The sweep selection uses CYT-618 single cylinder and semi-countercurrent flow. Magnetic magnetic separator. After 1996, all the 1050 series large magnetic separators were promoted and still used as semi-reverse magnetic permanent magnet separators. The field strength of the large magnetic separator is 0.5 to 0.21T, and the selection is 0.1 ~ 0. 16T. After the transformation of the step grinding process in 2005, a rough selection tailing, two selection and sweeping magnetic separation process (see Figure 2) was adopted, and the magnetic separators were all 1050 series. Each system has four magnetic separators, one roughing machine, two sorting machines, and one sweeping machine. The average magnetic field strength of the roughing machine is 0.18T, the precision is 0.15T, the second is 0. 13T, and the sweep is 0.25T. The grade of iron concentrate after the separation of the original ore can reach 54%. Figure 2 Flow chart of iron ore selection process in the concentrator In order to solve the problem of blockage of the bottom box of the coarse-grained semi-reverse-flow permanent magnet magnetic separator, the downstream magnetic separator test was carried out in 2008, and the semi-reverse flow bottom box was replaced by the downstream bottom box to successfully solve the bottom box blockage. problem. In order to further improve the metal recovery rate of the group selection operation and strengthen the separation index, in 2010, the φ1200mm x3000mm downstream magnetic separator test was carried out, and the diameter of the roughing machine drum was changed from the original φ1050mm to φ1200mm, and the magnetic field strength was 0. 18T increased to 0. 25T. D. Concentrate concentrate filtration The filtration operation is dewatered by a 18m2 vacuum permanent magnet external filter. The concentration of the slurry entering the filter is about 60%, the concentrate water is about 11%, and the iron concentrate grade is about 54%. The filtration overflow returns to the fine operation and is selected again. The magnetic separation tailings are first concentrated by the slanting plate of the titanium plant, and the bottom stream enters the titanium-selecting process. The overflow flows to the concentrating plant No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, No. 4 BCN-53m peripheral rotary concentrator for concentration, and enters the thickener. The concentration of the slurry is about 10%, and the concentration of the bottom stream of the concentrator is 43% to 48%. E. tailings treatment The Mijiatian tailings pond of Midi Concentrator is located in the valley of the south bank of Jinsha River, 2km away from the factory, grade II of tailings dam, fortification of magnitude 7 earthquake, belonging to valley type, designing total dam height 210m, catchment area 18.72km2 The total storage capacity is 2.2 x 108 m3, which is used for uniform mining in front of the dam and for damming and damming. In 2008, the sub-dam was built to the 21st road, and the elevation of the sub-dam was 1233m. The tailings dam covers an area of ​​3. 5km2. F. Main equipment of the concentrator Table 4 Magnetic separator specifications and technical performance (technical parameters) table G. Major technical and economic indicators in recent years The mineral processing indicators in recent years are shown in Table 5. Table 5 Design Indicators of Concentrators and Main Indicators for 2005-2009 H. Concentrator water supply The water consumption per ton of raw ore in the ore dressing is about 7.73m3, the new water consumption is 0. 72m3, the waste water reuse rate is about 95%, and the tail water storage backwater utilization rate is 55% ~ 75%. 4. Titanium production process and process A. Principle production process Figure 3 Flow chart of titanium processing in the concentrator The annual production of titanium is about 7.1 million tons of ferromagnetic separation tailings containing 8% to 9% of Ti02, and the annual output of titanium concentrate is about 250,000 tons. The technical indicators for titanium production are: titanium concentrate Ti02 >47%, S<0.2%, titanium recovery rate of about 20%; sulfur- cobalt concentrate S >32%, Co0.25%-0.3%. B. Existing problems and countermeasures The outstanding problem of current titanium production is that the recovery rate of titanium is not ideal, only about 20%, mainly fine-grain grade, especially the recovery rate of -0. 019mm granular grade ilmenite needs to be improved. C. Main equipment for titanium selection process The main equipment for the titanium selection process is shown in Table 6. Table 6 Main equipment for titanium selection process This catagory includes outside door handle, inside door handle and tailgate handle for KIA RIO, Moring, Cerato, Spectra, Forte, Sportage, Optima, Sorento, Borrego, K2, K3, K4, K5 and etc. Car Door Handle For Kia,Kia Car Door Handle Replacement,Kia Car Door Handle Repair,Kia Car Door Handle Accessoires RUIAN XINGTING AUTO PARTS CO.,LTD , https://www.xingtinghandle.com
Exterior car door handles is uesd to access your car`s cabin. Types of exterior car door handle are pull up, pull out, and trigger.
Interior car door handles is a small lever that you pull to release the door`s hook from the vehicle frame`s latch. There are different forms of inside door handles, though the area where it`s mounted remains consistent with most types of vehicles.
The tailgate handle is an external component that triggers the latch mechanism and allows the tailgates to swing open.
Most handles are made of plastic, while some are metal, such as zinc alloy. Further, there are designs offering a mix of both like a plastic bezel and metal lever, or vice versa.
For the car door handle surface finish, there are tons of them available. The list includes the usual chrome-plated, primed, smooth or textured, chrome bezel and colored lever combination, paint to match, satin chrome, and polished.