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The concept of wire and cable and the distinction between wires and cables
Wire and cable refers to materials used for power, communications, and related transmission purposes. "Wire" and "cable" do not have strict boundaries. Usually, the product with a small number of cores, a small product diameter, and a simple structure is called a wire. A wire without insulation is called a bare wire. Others are called cables. A conductor with a larger cross-sectional area (greater than 6 mm2) is called a large wire. Small (less than or equal to 6 mm2) is called a small wire, and an insulated wire is also called a cloth wire.
Wire and cable include bare wires, electromagnetic wires and insulated wires for electrical appliances, power cables, communication cables and optical cables.
Wire and cable naming
The complete naming of wires and cables is usually more complicated, so people sometimes use a simple name (usually a category name) in combination with the model specification instead of the full name, such as "low voltage cable" representing all plastic insulated power of 0.6/1kV class cable. The spectrum of wires and cables is relatively complete. It can be said that as long as the standard model specifications of wires and cables are written, specific products can be specified, but what is its full name?
The following principles apply to the naming of wire and cable products:
1, the content included in the product name
(1) Product application or size class name
(2) product structure materials or types;
(3) Important or additional features of the product
Basically named in the above order, sometimes to highlight important or additional features, features are written before or before the corresponding structure description.
2, the order of the structure description
The product structure is described in terms of the principle from the inside to the outside: Conductor-->insulation-->inner sheath-->outer sheath-->armor type.
3, simplified
In the case of no confusion, some structures describe writing or abbreviations. For example, aluminum conductors are not allowed in automobile wires and cords, and conductor materials are not described.
Case:
Rated voltage 8.7/15kV flame retardant copper core XLPE insulated steel tape armored PVC sheathed power cable
(It's too long!)
"Rated voltage 8.7/15kV" - use occasion/voltage grade
"Flame-retardation" - an emphasized feature
"Copper core" - conductor material
"XLPE Insulation" - Insulation Material
"Steel tape armoring" - armored layer material and type (double steel band gap wrapping)
"PVC sheath" - inner and outer sheath material (the same inside and outside sheath material, save the inner sheath material)
"Power Cable" - Large Class Name of Product
The corresponding model is written as ZR-YJV22-8.7/15, and the model is written as described below.
model
The composition and sequence of wire and cable are as follows:
[1: category, use] [2: conductor] [3: insulation] [4: inner sheath] [5: structural characteristics] [6: outer sheath or derived] - [7: use characteristics]
Items 1-5 and 7 are indicated by pinyin letters, and polymer materials are represented by the first letter of the English name. Each item can be 1-2 letters. The sixth item is 1-3 numbers.
The omitted principle in the model: Copper is the main conductor material used in wire and cable products, so the copper core code is written by T, except for bare wires and bare conductor products. Bare wire and bare conductor products, power cable products, and magnet wire products do not indicate major codes. Wire and cable and cable for electrical equipment and communication cables are also not specified, but subcategories or serial numbers are listed.
The seventh item is a mark for various special use occasions or additional special use requirements, and is marked with pinyin letters after the "-". Sometimes, to highlight this item, write this item to the front. Such as ZR-(flame-retardant), NH-(refractory), WDZ-(low-smoke and halogen-free, corporate standard), -TH (for hot and humid areas), FY-(anti-termite, corporate standards) and so on.
Digital mark armor layer outer layer or outer sheath
0 Nothing---
1 interlocking armored fiber outer cover
2 double steel belt PVC jacket
3 fine round wire polyethylene jacket
4 thick round wire
5 Wrinkles (corrugated) steel strip
6 double aluminum (or aluminum alloy) belt
8 Copper braid
9 wire braid
The application of wire and cable is mainly divided into three categories
1. Power system
The wire and cable products used in the power system mainly include bare overhead wires, busbars (bus bars), power cables (plastic cables, oil-paper cables (substituted by plastic power cables), rubber sheath cables, overhead insulated cables), and branch cables. (Replace some of the busbars), electromagnetic wires, and electrical equipment.
2, information transmission system
The wire and cable used for information transmission systems mainly include local telephone cables, television cables, electronic cables, radio frequency cables, optical fiber cables, data cables, electromagnetic wires, power communication or other composite cables.
3, mechanical equipment, instrumentation system
Except for the bare overhead wires, this part has applications for almost all other products, but mainly power cables, electromagnetic wires, data cables, instrumentation cables, etc.
Wire and cable products are mainly divided into five categories
1, bare wires and bare conductor products
The main features of this type of product are: pure conductive metal, non-insulating and sheathing layers, such as ACSR, copper and aluminum busbars, electric locomotive lines, etc.; the processing technology is mainly pressure processing, such as smelting, rolling, pulling System, stranded/pressed stranded, etc.; products are mainly used in suburban areas, rural areas, user main lines, switch cabinets, etc.
2, power cable
The main characteristics of this type of product are: Extruding (wrapping) the insulation around the conductor, such as overhead insulated cables, or strands (corresponding to the phase, neutral and ground of the power system), such as overhead insulation cables with more than two cores , Or increase the jacket layer, such as plastic / rubber sheathed wire and cable. The main process technologies include drawing, stranding, insulation extrusion (wrapping), cabling, armoring, sheath extrusion, etc. There are certain differences in the different process combinations of various products.
The products are mainly used in the transmission of electricity, electricity, electricity, electricity, electricity, and electricity in high-voltage transmission lines, with large currents (tens of amps to several thousand amps) and high voltages (220 V to 500 kV and above).
3, wire and cable for electrical equipment
The main features of this type of product are: variety of specifications, a wide range of applications, the use of voltage in 1kV and below, in the face of special occasions continue to derive new products, such as fire-resistant cables, flame-retardant cables, low smoke and halogen-free / low Smoke low-halogen cable, termite-proof, rat-proof cable, oil/cold resistance/temperature/wear resistant cable, medical/agricultural/mine cable, thin-walled wire, etc.
4, communication cables and optical fiber (brief introduction)
With the rapid development of the communications industry over the past two decades, the products have also been developing at an alarming rate. From the simple telephone telegraph cable in the past to the development of thousands of pairs of voice cables, coaxial cables, optical cables, data cables, and even composite communication cables.
The size of such products is usually small and uniform, and the manufacturing precision is high.
5, magnet wire (winding line)
Mainly used for various motors, instruments and meters.
Wire and cable derivatives/new products
The derivative/new products of wire and cable are mainly due to the requirements of different applications, different application requirements, and the convenience of equipment and the reduction of equipment costs. New materials, special materials, or changes in product structure, or improvement of process requirements, or different The products of the varieties are combined and produced.
Use different materials such as flame-retardant cables, low-smoke and halogen-free/low-smoke and low-halogen cables, termite-proof cables, rat-proof cables, oil/cold resistance/temperature resistant cables, etc.;
Change product structure such as: fire-resistant cables;
Improve process requirements such as: medical cables;
Combination products such as: OPGW;
Easy to install and reduce equipment costs such as: prefabricated branch cables