Soil moisture is one of the most basic elements in agro-meteorological monitoring. We started earlier in the field of soil moisture monitoring stations and achieved a series of successes. However, its rational layout has not been systematically studied. The Agrometeorological Operational Guide only states that soil moisture should be observed at all basic stations and agricultural weather stations when possible. Although the Soviet Union had a network of soil moisture stations, there was no research data on its rational layout.

Based on the analysis of the temporal and spatial changes of soil moisture content in China, the authors carried out soil moisture zoning and analyzed and calculated the soil moisture stations on behalf of each area, and obtained the results of the layout of national soil moisture stations. Finally, it discusses whether it is rationally laid out and other issues. In this process, the soil moisture monitoring system has played a large role.

Station network is the basis of meteorological work. The rational layout of the weather station network not only has scientific significance, but also has important economic value. Many efforts have been made at home and abroad for the rational layout of the weather station network and the results have been obtained. Since meteorological and agro-meteorological station networks all involve different temporal and spatial distributions and changes of various meteorological and agrometeorological elements, the study and analysis of the laws governing the change of soil moisture content is an important basis for determining the rational distribution of soil moisture station networks.

The temporal and spatial variation of soil-inset lyrics is widespread in our country and its soil distribution is complex. This is not only due to the fact that the nature of the soil in the horizontal distribution is variable, but also that in different depths of soil the physical properties of the soil are different. In addition, there is inhomogeneity of atmospheric precipitation, non-uniform infiltration of precipitation caused by micro-topography, and the influence of vegetation, all cause significant spatial and temporal changes in soil moisture.

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